Sample TOEFL Integrated Essay Large Animals

Sample TOEFL Integrated Essay Large Animals Sample TOEFL Integrated EssayThe QuestionThis integrated (Type 1) question is taken from a Korean textbook. I am not permitted to provide the lecture and reading here, but if you need some practice tests I highly recommend buying theOfficial TOEFL iBT Tests Collection fromETS.Special Offer: TOEFL Essay Evaluation and ScoringYou can now sign up to have your practice essays evaluated and scored by the author of this page. This service is a great way to learn how you will do before test day and how you can best prepare for the big day. Sign up today.The Sample EssayThe reading and the lecture are both about why animals that existed in the “early earth” period were larger than animals today. The author of the reading presents three possible explanations for this phenomenon. The lecturer casts doubt on the claims made in the article. She thinks that none of the theories are supported by facts or evidence.First of all, the author claims that animals were larger because the early earth had a greater supply of oxygen. He notes that high oxygen levels stimulate growth in certain species. This point is challenged by the lecturer. She says that the atmosphere of the early earth was full of poisonous gasses which made it difficult for animals to breathe. She points out that oxygen levels were not higher than they are today.Secondly, the author states that animals that existed in the early earth period grew large as a result of having access to abundant plant life to feed on. He argues that animals grew large because they consumed high levels of nutrients and that they passed down their size to succeeding generations. This argument is rebutted by the lecturer. She suggests that plant life was in fact abundant, but that it was mostly low in nutrients. She notes that this is because plants rely on carbon dioxide to grow strong, but they did not have much carbon dioxide during the period.Finally, the author mentions that warm climates caused animals in this period to grow large. He is of the opinion that because they did not have to use energy to stay warm, they were able to channel it into growing larger bodies. The lecturer, on the other hand, feels that in today’s era warm climates are mostly known for having small animals. She puts forth the idea that massive bodies are disadvantageous in warm climates.NoteThis is a sample TOEFL integrated essay written by a native speaker. It follows our TOEFL writing templates for integrated essays. If you find it useful, please remember that we have many more sample essaysfor you to read!

Au Revoir Les Enfants and La Lengua de la Mariposa A...

Au Revoir Les Enfants and La Lengua de la Mariposa: A Closer Look at European Films The films Goodbye, Children and The Butterfly’s Tongue both revolve around the relationships between friends and between student and teacher. Both films skillfully showed how each relationship developed and blossomed and how each abruptly and sadly ended with betrayal. However, the gravity and the context of the betrayal differ in both films. In Julien’s case, his betrayal was unintentional. Perhaps his glance was more out of curiosity and concern for his friend, Jean, not knowing how a split-second glance can eventually lead to his friend’s death. However, for me, Moncho was more accountable in his betrayal.†¦show more content†¦The title alludes to the fact that even if most of the characters in the film were children, they had to grow up faster because of the war. The title probably refers to a farewell to childhood that the characters had to experience. Though they were experiencing normal childhood experiences such as making fun of the new k id in class or sharing guilty pleasures after dark and the like, these experiences came with their experience of war and disorder in the country. It came with thoughts of death, hatred, racism and all other negative things related to wars, which is a far cry from what a child normally worries about. Their situation has forced them to gain responsibility and deal with life and death at an early age, something that is significantly different from the innocent and carefree characteristics of childhood. The title La Lengua de la Mariposa probably refers to Don Gregorio. Just as the butterfly spreads the pollen to other flowers, so does Don Gregorio spreads his wisdom and love of nature to his students, especially to Moncho. However, a butterfly symbolizes a fleeting and ephemeral passing. Likewise, Don Gregorio’s influence on his students is short-lived because he was eventually captured by the Fascists for becoming a Republican. Although both films were

Risks Of Free Trade - 1753 Words

Robert Knighton Pol. Sci. 1300 Kate Ivanova April 23, 2015 Risks of Free Trade If someone mentions an argument against free trade aloud, the typical person might withdraw curiously: against free trade? Indeed, such a statement does require explanation, as the connotation behind the word can differ slightly even if the primary meaning succeeds. Not to mention the ambiguity that accompanies such a phrase, as the speaker likely means they support regulated trade because of the risks that free trade involves. Indeed, the risks of free trade are so steep that it requires regulation, albeit with surgical precision. (what I mean by this is that regulation is required, but in small amounts. Heavy regulation would be as bad if not worse than no regulation) What is meant by free trade, exactly? First, it is important to note that while the terms â€Å"free trade† and â€Å"fair trade† are often used interchangeably in colloquial speech, they are completely different things. In fact, free trade is anything but fair (except to private corporate profits). Free trade, according to mainstream economic policy, has zero restrictions on imports and exports. There are no tariffs, quotas, subsidies, etc. Often, free trade agreements surpass the sovereignty of nations in order to guarantee the corporate interest in private capital gains. Michael Palenti, in his article, â€Å"Globalization and Democracy: Some Basics†, vocalizes this concern with free trade agreements, saying that, â€Å"†¦[corporations] seek aShow MoreRelatedDisadvantages Of Free Trade For Canada Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesDisadvantages of Free Trade for Canada: For every upside, there is a downside, and this certainly is the case for free trade in Canada. The successes listed above, also appeared in the United States and Mexico, which impacted our country. For every job that was created for them, some were lost elsewhere. 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A free trade agreement removes barriers to trade eliminating most quotas and removing tariffs on goods and services that can be exported or imported. Many free trade agreements also remove other barriers to trade, like property protection or res trictions on foreign service provider’s industry. China a growing superpower, has the largestRead MoreCase Solution: Reanults Logan Car Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness) Topics: International Value Chain, Foreign Trade Related Risks Trade Barriers Internationalised Value Chain of Renault Logan Pitesti ROMANIA â‚ ¬489 Million Investment in Production site for Renault Logan CKD Parts CKD-parts Decree 166: 0% duty rate for ~90% of parts Moscow, Russia investment of â‚ ¬230 for assembly plant Duty Free CBUs 0% duty rate resulting from free trade agreements By 2006 20,000 Logans exported Ukraine (free trade agreement) Export Morocco 54% stake inRead MoreGlobal Trade And Its Effects On The United States1046 Words   |  5 Pages In our quickly expanding global economy, how states execute trade is more important than ever. Global organizations like the International Monetary Fund are established to help the states trade and regulate trade currencies. These global organizations are not always efficient, and can lead to imbalances in trade currency. â€Å"For more than a decade, the U.S. and other countries castigated China for its currency policy, saying the yuan’s level gave the country’s exporters an unfair advantage at theRead MoreCase Study: Ameritrade Essay1238 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive Summary: In mid-1997 Joe Ricketts the Chairman and CEO of Ameritrade, decided that Ameritrade’s new mission would be to become â€Å"the largest brokerage firm worldwide based on the number of trades.† In order to accomplish this mission Ameritrade would need to invest significantly in technology and advertising. This strategy would require large expenditures relative to Ameritrade’s existing capital. In order to gauge the financial impact of these large expenditures, there needed to beRead More world trade organization Essay examples637 Words   |  3 Pagesthere has been a constant controversy over whether the World Trade Organization should enforce global free trade. The primary idea is to establish in which all are happy. Although there are many advocates for trade liberalization, as well as many who oppose. I believe free trade may be advantageous for both large and small-industrialized countries, but it does not favor the smaller developing countries needs prim arily. If the World Trade Organization eliminates tariffs and quotas, it could create

Police and Law Enforcement Response Free Essays

Checkpoint: Police and Law Enforcement Response A police officers role in society is to effectively enforce laws, arrest offenders when a crime has been committed, prevent crime to their best ability, preserve the peace whenever possible, and provide services to community citizens in their time of need. Over the past 25-30 years, police departments have proactively been enforcing the Community Policing Theory, developed by Professor Herman Goldstein, on their staff and officers. Community policing promotes relationships between officers and society. We will write a custom essay sample on Police and Law Enforcement Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to prevent crime, officers and communities need to work together to address the problems that encourage or cause criminal activity. In order for this theory to work properly, police officers and the community must understand and respect each other as well as the principles of community policing. The basic principles are: colleagues, partnerships, implementation, and long term. Colleagues refer to effective communication between the community and police; therefore making relationships stronger between them both. Partnerships consist of relationships between the police and different organizations such as: schools, neighborhood groups, families, merchants, etc†¦ Implement is a primary principle that relates to the specific needs of a community and examining different programs that might be effective. The Long term principle refers to police and members of community taking a long-term perspective and approach to improve. Accepting the realization that trust and effective relationships take time and resources to develop and maintain. The community policing theory has become an efficient and helpful tool to police and their communities everywhere. It would be easy to conclude that if we hypothetically lessened police involvement in the community policing theory, the results would be devastating. The members of the community would still be reporting crime; however, there would be less police officer’s to respond and handle it. The crime rates would escalate quickly and chaos would occur in certain parts where police involvement was declined. The system would basically fail, due to taking away a key piece to its foundation. Overall, it takes community members and police together to make the theory work effectively and maintain its balance. Not only is balance crucial between officers and its community; it is crucial for an officer to have balance internally too. There is many restrictions and guidelines placed on an officer when on or off duty. They don’t have the equal amount of freedom a regular citizen is entitled too. These restrictions come from their department, Bill of Rights, and Constitution. It is imperative that the officers follow a strict rule of ethics, while on or off duty to set an example for the rest of community. A tricky restriction is a term called Probable Cause. Probable Cause is defined as the logic, experiences, and circumstances that lead ‘a prudent man’ to believe a crime has been committed, or an individual may have been involved in a crime. This term, also known as a citizens fourth amendment, has quite a bit of power behind it. It truly does impact a police officer on a daily basis, by the amount of power to either make or break a case. It directly is linked to how evidence is searched and seized, or how a citizen is searched. Probable cause has the ability for a Judge to find evidence crucial for a conviction, either admissible or inadmissible in a court of law. If a police officer violates the rights or privacy of a citizen, it can have some grave consequences such as: loosing a case, fined, sued, setting a criminal free or legal action brought towards his/her self. So in order to prevent these consequences from occurring, officers should take the proper precautions and remember the guideline; that there must be sufficient or sensible reason to justify the intrusion of a search or seizure. The best way to ensure safety is to not conduct any searches without a warrant, signed by a neutral judge. Even though this is not very realistic or practical; however, the purpose of a warrant is to provide that protective layer between the exuberance of the officers and the privacy of the public. At the end of the day, the court is responsible for reviewing the actions of the police in their everyday life; this is when they balance the interest of law enforcement against the interest of personal liberty. Then they determine whether or not probable cause existed for the search or arrest. In conclusion officer’s can avoid these issues by not falling into corrupted ways. Officers should respect their position and not violate their power; this will build a trusting relationship between the community and them. Another solution to prevent issues from occurring would be for officers to get involved more with their communities. Going to games, meeting people, setting up time for the youth, establishing friendships; would not only build the strength of the officer to the community but prevent crime before it starts. Exploring being a proactive officer, instead of a non-proactive officer is the best way to aid police and their organizations in combating crime. How to cite Police and Law Enforcement Response, Essays

The Apparel Shopper free essay sample

Comprhensive Case The Apparel Shopper 1. What overall conclusions do you reach after reading this case? The information in the case gave the overall conclusion that the apparel industry is a very competitive field to get into and in order to prosper companies must find their own personal niche within the industry. A company cannot survive in the apparel industry by providing what is already available in other stores. It is important to define a target market and appeal to their needs and wants. For instance, Wal-Mart appeals to low income individuals, Target and Old Navy appeal to more fashion sensitive customers, and so on. Ultimately, stores must relate and direct efforts towards specific apparel shoppers demographics and preferences. 2. How can apparel retailers compete with Wal-Mart? To compete with Wal-Mart you need to think of Wal-Marts competitive advantage: price. Your stores competitive advantages MUST stand out, and be in demand. You must have a style clothing that appeals to your target market if you want to compete with Wal-Mart. We will write a custom essay sample on The Apparel Shopper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This means marketing based on style, name brand, and higher quality clothing. Wal-Mart cant offer any of these things. Also, if you try to market to another demographic such as Hispanic Americans or Asian Americans you might find a niche that has not yet been tapped into. 3 Does cross-shopping affect apparel retailing? Is this good or bad? Why? I think cross-shopping definitely affects apparel retailing. People will go to different stores and shopping centers in one shopping trip to look for a specific item, the best prices or just a different look. Low income shoppers may shop around for the best bargains. For retailers, cross shopping can be a good thing and a bad thing. If a person starts out at a particular store and doesnt find anything they really want they may buy something somewhere else just because they are tired of looking. Stores also have to stay competitive with their prices in order to keep loyal shoppers. 4. What are the retail implications of this statement: American consumers are not trendy either at work or play Do you agree with the statement? Why or why not? The retail implications are that most stores tend to follow the trends and not necessarily set them. Americans are more conservative than Europeans in their apparel so if a new retailer is trying to break into the market, he/she should consider how they want to market their clothing. If they want to stand out, maybe they should invest in newer, trendier clothing. If not, then they should keep their target market in mind. I dont agree with that statement however, I do believe Americans are trendy themselves. Many people I know rely on celebrities, magazines, talk shows, and television to figure out the latest styles and how to wear certain styles. I believe Americans acually focus quite a bit on trends.. especially younger generations. Older generations tend not to follow this idea however. 5. How could the information cited in the case be used in a retail information system? The information in this case could be used by a retailer to help dicover how to cater to their target market. Their retail information system can keep track of information on the types of customers that shop at their stores, such as income level, gender, race, age, ethnicity, and clothing preferences. The retailer then knows if they are targeting the right customers for their product line and price range or if they need to change their target market. 6 What additional consumer-related information would you like to review about apparel shoppers besides that stated in the case? I would like to see a comparison based upon different locations within the United States. Income, age, gender, and ethnicity all play important factors regarding where consumers shop. However, I feel that the location and surroundings of the consumer will also play an important role when deciding where to shop. For instance, two different employees, who are both earning the same salary and working for the same company in different locations, will probably tend to dress differently. A standard dress code is usually enforced no matter where the company is located; however, how people adhere and dress in regards to the dress code will probably differ. The employee in New York City will probably dress on a more upscale and trendier level. This is due to the fact that these employees have access to several upscale, specialty store locations. On the other hand, an employee working in Lancaster may not be wearing Prada shoes or carrying Louis Vuitton briefcases. As stated on page 201, â€Å"consumer lifestyles are based on social and psychological factors, and influenced by demographics. † In addition, consumer demographics on page 199 states within the definition that consumers can be identified by place of residence. Stores such as Hollister, which bases their style on a California trend; and Abercrombie, which demonstrates styles of the east coast are realizing these differences and are now basing the styles of their stores off of these locations.

Formation of the Moon essays

Formation of the Moon essays There are many things in the macrocosm that we have never known of. We know simple things about the moon such as its craters or mountain ranges, but do we know exactly how the moon came to be? When we contrast its lunar surface characteristics with the Earths, it is apparent that they came from completely different physical developments, 1 but it still isnt enough information. Many people probably have never thought about or dont know that there are several theories regarding how the moon was formed. The most popular and common idea is that it came from our earth. Before the 1970s, there were three main theories regarding the origin of the moon.2 Soon after that, gradually a few more theories were made. In 1879, the fission theory was developed by the British astronomer Sir George Darwin.3 The Moon was once part of the Earth and somehow divided from the it early in the past of the Solar System. The most popular location for the part of the Earth where the Moon originated from is the current Pacific Ocean basin is.4 In other words, while it was still fluid and hot the moon broke off from a rapidly spinning earth.3 A co-formation theory proposed that the earth and moon both formed at the same time2, roughly forty-six million years ago 1, as a gravitationally conjoined two of a kind. This theory requires that the earth rotates eight times more rapidly than at the moment, which is typically out of the question.3 There are several theories within this theory. The collision between the PLSs slows the orbits and causes the formation of a large number of moonlets. Some of them will plummet to earth, and others will be left behind in orbit around the earth. As the geocentric (having or relating to the earths center) moonlet orbits are formed, they will collide and accumulate smaller asteroids, other moonlets, and dust. This idea that there are various bodies in orbit ...

Top 10 Womens Health Issues and Causes of Death

Top 10 Women's Health Issues and Causes of Death When it comes to womens health, what are the top 10 womens health issues you should be concerned about? According to a 2004 report by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, the conditions described below are the top 10 leading causes of death in females. The good news is that many are preventable. Click on the headings to learn how to reduce your risk: 27.2% of deathsThe Womens Heart Foundation reports that 8.6 million women worldwide die from heart disease each year, and that 8 million women in the U.S. are living with heart disease. Of those women who have heart attacks, 42% die within a year. When a woman under 50 has a heart attack, its twice as likely to be fatal as a heart attack in a man under 50. Almost two-thirds of heart attack deaths occur in women with no prior history of chest pain. In 2005, the American Heart Association reported 213,600 deaths in women from coronary heart disease.22.0% of deathsAccording to the American Cancer Society, in 2009 an estimated 269,800 women will die of cancer. The leading causes of cancer deaths in women are lung (26%), breast (15%), and colorectal cancer(9%).7.5% of deathsOFten thought of as a mans disease, stroke kills more women than men each year. Worldwide, three million women die from stroke annually. In the U.S. in 2005, 87,000 women died of stroke as compared to 56,600 men. For w omen, age matters when it comes to risk factors. Once a woman reaches 45, her risk climbs steadily until at 65, it equal that of men. Although women arent as likely to suffer from strokes as men in the middle years, theyre more likely to be fatal if one occurs. 5.2% of deathsCollectively, several respiratory illnesses that occur in the lower lungs all fall under the term chronic lower respiratory disease: chronic obstructed pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. Typically, about 80% of these diseases are due to cigarette smoking. COPD is of particular concern to women since the disease manifests differently in females than males; symptoms, risk factors, progression and diagnosis all exhibit gender differences. In recent years, more women have been dying from COPD than men.3.9% of deathsSeveral studies involving European and Asian populations have indicated that women have a much higher risk of Alzheimers than men. This may be due to the female hormone estrogen, which has properties that protect against the memory loss that accompanies aging. When a woman reaches menopause, reduced levels of estrogen may play a role in her increased risk of developing Alzheimers.3.3% of deathsUnder unintentional injuries are six major c auses of death: falling, poisoning, suffocation, drowning, fire/burns and motor vehicle crashes. While falls are of significant concern to women who are frequently diagnosed with osteoporosis in their later years, another health threat is on the rise accidental poisoning. According to the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Johns Hopkins, in a six-year study between 1999 and 2005, the rate of poisoning deaths in white women age 45-64 increased 230% as compared to the 137% increase experienced by white men in the same age. Diabetes3.1% of deathsWith 9.7 million women in the U.S. suffering from diabetes, the American Diabetes Association notes that women have unique health concerns because pregnancy can often bring about gestational diabetes. Diabetes during pregnancy can lead to possible miscarriages or birth defects. Women who develop gestational diabetes are also more likely to develop Type 2 diabetes later in life. Among African American, Native American, Asian American women and Hispanic women/Latinas, the prevalence of diabetes is two to four times higher than among white women.and2.7% of deathsPublic awareness of the dangers of influenza has spiked due to the H1N1 virus, yet influenza and pneumonia have posed ongoing threats to elderly women and those whose immune systems are compromised. Pregnant women are especially vulnerable to influenzas such as H1N1 and pneumonia.1.8% of deathsAlthough the average woman is less likely to suffer from chronic kidney disease than a man, if a woman is diabetic , her chance of developing kidney disease increases and puts her equally at risk. Menopause also plays a role. Kidney disease occurs infrequently in premenopausal women. Researchers believe that estrogen provides protection against kidney disease, but once a woman reaches menopause, that protection is diminished. Researchers at Georgetown Universitys Center for the Study of Sex Differences in Health, Aging and Disease have found that sex hormones appear to affect non-reproductive organs such as the kidney. They note that in women, the absence of the hormone testosterone leads to a more rapid progression of kidney disease when they are diabetic. 1.5% of deathsThe medical term for blood poisoning, septicemia is a serious illness that can rapidly turn into a life-threatening condition. Septicemia made headlines in January 2009 when Brazilian model and Miss World pageant finalist Mariana Bridi da Costa died from the disease after a urinary tract infection progressed to septicemia. Sources:Deaths From Unintentional Injuries Increase For Many Groups. ScienceDaily.com. 3 September 2009.Estimated New Cancer Cases and Deaths by Sex, United States, 2009. American Cancer Society, caonline.amcancersoc.org. Retrieved 11 September 2009.Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics - 2009 Update at a Glance. American Heart Association, americanheart.org. Retrieved 11 September 2009.Leading Causes of Death in Females, United States 2004. CDC Office of Womens Health, CDC.gov. 10 September 2007.Women and Diabetes. American Diabetes Association, diabetes.org. Retrieved 11 September 2009.Women and Heart Disease Facts. Womens Heart Foundation, womensheart.org. Retrieved 10 September 2009.Women More Likely To Suffer Kidney Disease If Diabetic. MedicalNewsToday.com. 12 August 2007.